Oktoobar 15-keedii, cilmi-baarayaal ka tirsan Jaamacadda Teknolojiyadda Chalmers ee Sweden ayaa si guul leh u sameeyay nooc cusub oo ah muraayad aad u xasilan oo waara leh oo leh codsiyo suurtagal ah oo ay ku jiraan dawo, shaashado dhijitaal ah oo horumarsan iyo tignoolajiyada unugyada cadceedda. Daraasadu waxay muujisay in sida loo isku daro unugyo badan (ilaa siddeed marba) ay soo saari karaan walxo u shaqeeya sida ugu wanaagsan ee wakiilada samaynta muraayadda ee hadda loo yaqaan.
Muraayadaha, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan "amorphous adag", waa shay aan lahayn qaab-dhismeed la amray oo dheer-ma sameeyo crystals. Dhanka kale, walxaha crystalline waa maaddooyin si heer sare ah loo dalbay iyo qaabab soo noqnoqda.
Maaddada aan sida caadiga ah ugu yeerno "galaas" nolol maalmeedka waxay inta badan ku saleysan tahay silica, laakiin muraayadda waxaa laga samayn karaa waxyaabo badan oo kala duwan. Sidaa darteed, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay had iyo jeer xiiseynayaan inay helaan habab cusub oo lagu dhiirigeliyo agabyo kala duwan si ay u sameeyaan gobolkan amorphous, taas oo keeni karta horumarinta muraayado cusub oo leh hanti la hagaajiyay iyo codsiyo cusub. Cilmi-baarista cusub ee dhawaan lagu daabacay joornaalka sayniska ee "Sayniska Horumarka" ayaa ka dhigan tallaabo muhiim ah oo horay loo qaaday cilmi-baarista.
Hadda, annagoo si fudud isku darsanay unugyo badan oo kala duwan, waxaan si lama filaan ah u furnay suurtagalnimada inaan abuurno qalab cusub oo dhalo ah oo ka wanaagsan. Kuwa wax ka barta molecules organic waxay og yihiin in isticmaalka isku-dhafka laba ama saddex unugyo kala duwan ay caawin karaan samaynta muraayadda, laakiin qaar yar ayaa filan kara in lagu daro unugyo badan ay gaari doonaan natiijooyin aad u wanaagsan, "Kooxda cilmi-baarista ayaa hogaaminaysay cilmi-baarista. Professor Christian Müller oo ka tirsan Waaxda Chemistry iyo Kiimikada ee Jaamacadda Ulms ayaa yiri.
Natiijooyinka ugu fiican ee wax kasta oo samaynta galaas ah
Marka dareeruhu qaboojiyo iyada oo aan lahayn crystallization, muraayad ayaa la sameeyaa, habka loo yaqaan 'vitrification'. Isticmaalka isku dhafka laba ama saddex molecules si kor loogu qaado samaynta muraayadda waa fikrad qaan-gaar ah. Si kastaba ha noqotee, saameynta isku-dhafka tiro badan oo unugyo ah oo ku saabsan awoodda sameynta muraayadda ayaa heshay dareen yar.
Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay tijaabiyeen isku-dar ah ilaa sideed molecules perylene kala duwan, kuwaas oo keligood leh jajab sare - sifadaani waxay la xiriirtaa sahlanaanta ay walaxda sameysanayso muraayadda. Laakin isku darka unugyo badan oo isku dhafan waxay keenaysaa hoos u dhac weyn oo ku yimaada jajabnaanta waxayna sameeyaan muraayad aad u xoog badan oo hore u leh jajab aad u hooseeya.
"Jajabka muraayadda aanu ku samaynay cilmi-baadhisteenu aad buu u hooseeyaa, taas oo ka dhigan awoodda ugu wanaagsan ee samaynta muraayadda. Ma aanu cabbirnay oo keliya wax kasta oo organic ah, laakiin sidoo kale polymers iyo walxaha aan organic ahayn (sida galaas macdan ah oo badan). Natiijadu waxay xitaa ka fiican tahay muraayadda caadiga ah. Awoodda samaynta dhalada ee muraayadda daaqadu waa mid ka mid ah muraayadaha ugu wanaagsan ee aan naqaanno, "ayuu yidhi Sandra Hultmark, ardayad dhakhtar ah oo ka tirsan Waaxda Chemistry iyo Kiimikada iyo qoraaga hormuudka ah ee daraasadda.
Kordhi nolosha alaabta oo badbaadi agabka
Codsiyada muhiimka ah ee muraayadaha dabiiciga ah ee aadka u deggan waa tignoolajiyada soo bandhigta sida shaashadaha OLED iyo tignoolajiyada tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo sida unugyada cadceedda dabiiciga ah.
"OLEDs waxay ka kooban yihiin lakabyo galaas ah oo unugyo dabiici ah oo iftiin leh. Haddii ay aad u xasilloon yihiin, waxay kordhin kartaa cimriga OLED iyo ugu dambeyntii waarta bandhigga, "ayay tiri Sandra Hultmark.
Codsi kale oo laga yaabo inuu ka faa'iidaysto dhalo xasilloon waa daroogo. Daawooyinka Amorphous waxay si dhakhso ah u milmaan, taas oo ka caawisa in ay si dhakhso ah u nuugaan walxaha firfircoon marka la nuugo. Sidaa darteed, daroogooyin badan ayaa isticmaala foomamka daawada dhalada samaysa. Daawooyinka, waxaa muhiim ah in maaddada vitreous-ka ahi aanay soo kicin muddo ka dib. Mar kasta oo dawada muraayadda leh ay xasilloon tahay, waa sii dheeraysaa cimriga dawadu.
"Iyada oo leh muraayado xasiloon ama qalab cusub oo dhalada ah, waxaan kordhin karnaa nolosha adeegga tiro badan oo badeecado ah, si loo badbaadiyo kheyraadka iyo dhaqaalaha," Christian Müller ayaa sidaas yidhi.
"Fitrification of Xinyuanperylene isku-dar ah oo leh jajab aad u hooseeya" ayaa lagu daabacay joornaalka sayniska "Horumarinta Sayniska".
Waqtiga post: Dec-06-2021