Halabuurka ugu weyn ee muraayadda waa quartz (silica). Quartz waxay leedahay iska caabin wanaagsan oo biyaha ah (taasi waa, si dhib leh ula falgali biyaha). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababtoo ah barta dhalaalaysa sare (qiyaastii 2000 ° C) iyo qiimaha sare ee silica nadiifka ah, kuma habboona isticmaalka wax soo saarka Mass; Ku darida wax-ka-beddelayaasha shabakada waxay hoos u dhigi karaan barta dhalaalka ee muraayadda waxayna hoos u dhigtaa qiimaha. Beddelayaasha shabakadaha caadiga ah waa sodium, calcium, iwm.; laakiin wax-ka-beddelayaasha shabakadu waxay ku beddelan doonaan ions hydrogen ee biyaha, yaraynta caabbinta biyaha ee muraayadda; ku darida boron iyo Aluminium waxay xoojin kartaa qaabka muraayadda, heerkulka dhalaalku wuu kacay, laakiin caabbinta biyaha ayaa si weyn loo hagaajiyay.
Alaabta baakadaha dawooyinka ayaa si toos ah ula xiriiri kara daawooyinka, tayadooduna waxay saamaynaysaa badbaadada iyo xasiloonida daawooyinka. Muraayadaha daawada, mid ka mid ah shuruudaha ugu muhiimsan ee tayadiisu waa iska caabbinta biyaha: korodhka caabbinta biyaha, hoos u dhigista khatarta falcelinta daroogada, iyo tayada sare ee muraayadda.
Marka loo eego caabbinta biyaha ee hooseysa ilaa sare, galaaska daawada waxaa loo qaybin karaa: galaaska lime soda, galaas borosilicate hoose iyo galaas borosilicate dhexdhexaad ah. Farmashiyaha dhexdiisa, dhalada waxaa loo kala saaraa Fasalka I, Class II, iyo Class III. galaaska borosilicate ee heerka 1-aad ee tayada sare leh waxay ku haboontahay baakadaha dawooyinka la isku duro, iyo galaaska lime ee fasalka III waxa loo isticmaalaa baakadaha dareeraha afka iyo dawooyinka adag, mana ku haboona dawooyinka duritaanka.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, galaas borosilicate oo hooseeya iyo galaas-sodho-lime ah ayaa wali lagu isticmaalaa muraayadda dawooyinka gudaha. Marka loo eego "Warbixinta Istaraatiijiyadda Cilmi-baarista Qoto dheer iyo Maal-gashiga ee ku saabsan Xirmooyinka Muraayadaha Dawooyinka ee Shiinaha (2019 Edition)", isticmaalka borosilicate ee galaaska dawooyinka gudaha ee 2018 kaliya ayaa lagu tiriyaa 7-8%. Si kastaba ha noqotee, tan iyo Maraykanka, Yurub, Japan, iyo Ruushka oo dhan waxay ku amreen isticmaalka galaas borosilicate dhexdhexaad ah dhammaan diyaargarowga duritaanka iyo diyaarinta bayoolojiga, galaas borosilicate dhexdhexaad ah ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalay warshadaha dawooyinka shisheeye.
Marka lagu daro kala-soocidda iyadoo loo eegayo caabbinta biyaha, marka loo eego hababka wax soo saarka ee kala duwan, muraayadaha daawada ayaa loo qaybiyaa: dhalooyinka la isku qurxiyo iyo dhalooyinka la xakameeyey. Dhalada la qaabeeyey waa in si toos ah dareeraha galaaska loogu duraa caaryada si ay u sameeyaan dhalada daawada; halka dhalada xakamaynta ay tahay in marka hore laga dhigo dareeraha galaaska tuubo dhalada ah, ka dibna gooyo tuubada dhalada si aad u sameyso dhalada daawada
Marka loo eego Warbixinta Falanqaynta Warshadaha Qalabka Baakadaha Dhalooyinka ee Cirbadaha sanadka 2019, dhalooyinka la isku duro ayaa lagu tiriyaa 55% wadarta galaaska dawooyinka waana mid ka mid ah wax soo saarka ugu muhiimsan ee galaaska dawooyinka. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, iibinta cirbadaha ee Shiinaha ayaa sii waday inay kordhiso, baahida loo qabo dhalooyinka duritaanka si ay u sii korodho, iyo isbeddelada siyaasadaha la xidhiidha cirbadaha ayaa keeni doona isbeddel ku yimaada suuqa muraayadaha daawada.
Waqtiga boostada: Nov-11-2021