Waraaqdani waxay soo bandhigaysaa hanaanka alxanka ee dhalada dhalada ee dhalada dhalada ah waxay ka dhigeysaa saddex dhinac
Dhinacgii ugu horreeyay: geedi socodka alxanka ee dhalada oo ay ka mid tahay wasakhooyinka, oo ay ku jiraan alxanka buufinta gacanta, ssap lagu buufiyo alxanka, iwm.
Habka guud ee loo yaqaan 'caaryada buufinta alxanka' plasma '
Micro Plasma virus wuxuu ka caawin karaa shirkadaha caaryada si weyn hoos ugu dhigi kara kharashyada maalgashiga iyo wax soo iibsiga, dayactirka muddada-dheer iyo qalabka wax qamriga ah ee loo isticmaalo kharashyo, qalabkuna waxay ku buufin karaan tiro badan oo shaqooyin ah oo kala duwan. Si fudud u bedelida buufinta alxanka madaxa ayaa la kulmi kara baahiyaha alxanka ee alxanka ee shaqooyinka kaladuwan.
2.1 Waa maxay macnaha gaarka ah ee "budada ku saleysan" nickel-powder "
Waa wax isfaham la'aan ah in la tixgeliyo "Nickel" sida shey xariif ah, dhab ahaantii, budada ku saleysan "budada ku saleysan budada (NI), Chromium (CR), BORICON (SI). Alloygan waxaa lagu gartaa barta hoose ee dhalaalaya, oo u dhexeysa 1,020 ° C illaa 1,050 ° C.
Qodobka ugu weyn ee u horseedaya adeegsiga baahsan ee budada ku saleysan "nickel, 'chromium, boron, silikon) maadaama walxaha xamuulka ah ee cabbirkooda ku saleysan ee suuqa leh ee ah cabbirrada walxaha nus-ka-kala-duwan ayaa si xoog ah loogu dallacsanaa suuqa. Sidoo kale, youty-ka ku saleysan Nickel ayaa si fudud looga dhigay alxanka gaaska shidaalka (ee ka soo baxa marxaladooda hore sababtoo ah dhibic dhalaalaya, si tartiib ah, iyo fududeynta xakameynta Weld Puddle.
Oxygen shidaalka gaaska (ofw) waxay ka kooban tahay laba marxaladood oo kala duwan: Marxaladda koowaad, oo loo yaqaan marxaladda dhigashada, kaas oo ay garaacaan alxanka la dhalaaliyo oo ay u hoggaansamaan dusha sare ee shaqada; Dhalaalay isku-xirnaanta iyo yareynta porosity.
Xaqiiqda waa in la keenaa in waxa loogu yeero marxaladda lagu soo nooleeyo ee lagu gaaro farqiga u dhexeeya barta hoose ee udhaxeysa birta salka ah oo ah 1,300 ° C ama 1500 ° C ee Steelwood (UNI 7845-78). Waa farqiga u dhexeeya barta dhalaalaysa ee hubisa in nikkel, koromomiyada, Boron, Boron, iyo silicon 'uusan sababi doonin soo celinta birta salka markii ay ku jiraan heerkulka heerka xadka.
Si kastaba ha noqotee, Dejisiga Nickel ee Nickel waxaa sidoo kale lagu gaari karaa iyadoo la dhigto silig adag oo ganaax adag ah iyada oo aan loo baahnayn geedi socod soo nooleynta: Tani waxay u baahan tahay gargaarka Plasma Arc al-Plasma Arc (PTA).
2.2 NICKEL-Powder-ku fadhiisan oo ku saleysan budada
Sababahan awgood, warshadaha muraayadda ayaa si dabiici ah u dooratay xeryo ku saleysan Nickel ee khaladaadka adag ee dusha sare ee feeraha. Deeqda ku-saleysan nikcel-ku-saleysan waxaa lagu gaari karaa meel alxanka shidaalka shidaalka ah (off) ama ololka ololka lagu buufiyo (HVOF), halka geedi socodka ka-xisaabtanka waxaa lagu gaari karaa nidaam kuleylka kuleylka ah ama gaaska gaaska (ee mar labaad. Mar labaad, farqiga u dhexeeya barta hoose ee udhaxeysa birta salka iyo nickel alkoy-ga waa muhiimadda ugu muhiimsan, haddii kale xarkaha ma suurogal noqon doono.
Nickel, Chromium, Boron, Allon Allens waxaa lagu gaari karaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo Plasma Transhog tikniyoolajiyadda Plasma (PTAW), ama TTAW), ama in macaamilku uu leeyahay aqoon isweydaarsi loogu talagalay diyaarinta gaas ee gaaska.
Awoodda adag ee 'Nickel' ku saleysan Nickel waxay ku kala duwan tahay shuruudaha shaqada, laakiin badanaa waa inta u dhaxaysa 30 HRC iyo 60 HRC.
2.3 Jawiga heerkulka sare, cadaadiska ku saleysan nickel-ku saleysan nickel-ku-saleysan waa mid aad u ballaaran
Adkeynta ku xusan kor ku xusan waxaa loola jeedaa adkaanta heerkulka qolka. Si kastaba ha noqotee, jawiga heerkulka heerkulka sare leh, adkaanta "ku saleysan nickel-ku saleysan" ku saleysan nickel-ku-saleysan.
Sida kor lagu soo sheegay, in kasta oo adkaanta 'Chobat-ka ku saleysan Cobatt-ku saleysan's' wuxuu ka hooseeyaa kan ku saleysan nickel-ku saleysan heerkulka qolka, adkaanta ee ku saleysan cobat-ku-saleysan ee ku saleysan cudurka heerkulka ku saleysan nickel (sida heerkulka caadiga ah ee 'caaryo').
Garaafka soo socda ayaa muujinaya isbedelka ku saabsan adkaanta budada u kala duwan ee alkolo ee kala duwan oo leh heerkulka kordhaya:
2.4 Waa maxay macnaha gaarka ah ee "budada ku saleysan 'cooto-powder'?
Tixgalinta cobalt maaddaama xarkaha ah, runti waa alloy ka kooban cobalt (CO), Chromium (CR), Tungsten (W), iyo Chromiten (CR), iyo molybdenum (molybden). Badanaa loo yaqaan "budada" staint "ee" cherder ", ee ku saleysan cobatt-ku saleysan carbades iyo ubax ah si ay u dhisaan adkeyntooda. Qaar ka mid ah astaamaha ku saleysan cobatt-ka waxay ka kooban yihiin 2.5% kaarboon. Muuqaalka ugu weyn ee ku saleysan cobatt-ku saleysan-ku-saleysan waa adag tahay xitaa heerkulka sare.
2.5 Dhibaatooyinka la kulmay intii lagu gudajiray dhigashada ku-saleysan-ka-dhigyada ku saleysan cobatt-ku-meel-gaarka ah ee dusha sare / dusha sare:
Dhibaatada ugu weyn ee dhigata dhigashada ee ku saleysan 'Cobat-ku saleysan' Cobat-ku saleysan waxay la xiriirtaa dhibicdooda sare ee dhalaalaya. Xaqiiqdii, barta dhalaalaysa ee ku saleysan cobatt-ku-saleysan waa 1,375 ~ 1,400 ° C, oo ku dhowaad ku dhowaad meesha ugu dhalaala karboonka iyo birta. Maskaxda, haddii ay tahay inaan isticmaalno alxamida gaaska ee shidaalka (off) ama ololka ololka loo yaqaan 'preame ku buufin (ka dib "marxaladda" xad-gudubka ", birta salka ah ayaa sidoo kale dhalaali doonta.
Xulashada kaliya ee la arki karo ee lagu dhigto budada ku saleysan cobatt-ka ku saleysan feeraha / xudunta waa: la wareejiyaa plasma arc (PTA).
2.6 ku saabsan qaboojinta
Sida kor lagu sharaxay, adeegsiga gaaska gaaska oksijiinta shidaalka (ofw) iyo hanaanka ololka ololka ah (Hvof) waxaa loola jeedaa in lakabka budada ah ee budada lagu shubay si isku mid ah loo dhalaalo oo la waafajiyey. Marxaladda soo-dejinta ee ku xiga, xariiqda qufulka ee toosan ayaa is dulfuulan oo gogosha ayaa buuxsamaysa.
Waxaa la arki karaa in xiriirka ka dhexeeya dusha sare ee birta salka lagu buufiyo dusha sare ee xarkaha ay qumman tahay oo aan kala go 'lahayn. Gunclaha ee imtixaanka ayaa la mid ahaa (dhalada) oo la mid ah (dhalada), oo ku dhejinaya gaaska gaaska (ee loo yaqaan 'plasma', oo lagu muujiyey cadaadiska hawada (PTA), Plasma Plasma (PTA) Plasma (PTA) Plasma (PTA) Turn-ka ayaa ah 100 ° C ka hooseeya.
2.7 Ku saabsan mashiinka
Milking waa hanaan aad u muhiim ah oo ku saabsan wax soo saarka loo yaqaan 'Punch / Core'. Sida kor lagu soo sheegay, waa wax aan waxtar lahayn oo lagu dhigayo budada (feeraha / cores) oo si daran u yareynaysa heerkulka sare. Sababaha ka mid ah ayaa ku saabsan wax yar; Qaanbiqsiyo 60hrc adag oo ah budada 'budada' budada 'conder '0hrc Adeegsiga isla nidaamka al-ku-buufiska lagu buufiyo ee ah 45hrc Potoy si aad ah ayey u fududaanaysaa; Halbeegyada agaasinka agaasinka ayaa sidoo kale loo dejin karaa wax ka sareeya, mashiinka laftiisa ayaa fududeyn doona in la dhammaystiro.
2.8 Ku Saabsan Miisaanka Budada Gaarka ah
Geedi socodka alxanka gaaska ee shidaalka ah (off) iyo ololka ololka lagu buufiyo (HVOF) waxay leeyihiin heerar aad u badan oo budo aad u sarreeya, kaas oo noqon kara sida 70% ugu sarreeya ashyaa'da xariifka ah ee shaqada. Haddii dhaxalka lagu buufiyo alxamida dhaanto ah oo dhami u baahan 30 garaam oo budada lagu iibiyo, taas micnaheedu waa qoriga alxanka waa inuu ku buufiyaa 100 garaam oo budada lagu iibiyo.
Illaa iyo fogaan, heerka luminta budada ee plasma wareejinta tikniyoolajiyadda Arc (PTA) waa qiyaastii 3% illaa 5%. Isla codadkii la gubo, qoryaha alxanka kaliya wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu buufiyo 32 garaam oo budada lagu iibiyo.
2.9 ku saabsan waqtiga dhigashada
Gaso-shidaalka shidaalka ee oxy-shidaalka (ofw) iyo waqtiyada dib-u-haynta ololka ee ololka (HVOF) waa isku mid. Tusaale ahaan, dhigaalka iyo waqtiga xad-dhaafka ah ee isku-dhafka ah ee la mid ah waa 5 daqiiqo. Teknolojiyadda Plasma (PTA) (PTA) waxay sidoo kale u baahan tahay isla 5 daqiiqo si loo gaaro adkeyn buuxda oo ka mid ah dusha sare ee shaqada (plasma lagu wareejiyo arc).
Sawirada hoose waxay muujinayaan natiijooyinka isbarbardhiga ee ka dhexeeya labadan geeddi-socodka iyo wareejinta Plasma arc (PTA).
Isbarbardhiga feeraha ee loogu talagalay xargaha cirifka ku saleysan ee Nickel iyo Cinwaanka ku saleysan Cobatt. Natiijooyinka imtixaannada orodka ee la mid ah khadka waxsoosaarka ee la mid ah ayaa muujinaya in chrad-ka-qarka udhaca ku saleysan 3 jeer ka badan xarkaha xarkaha ee ku saleysan "Clart-ka 'Claidio Chili', oo ku saabsan buulka guud ee wabiga
Su'aasha 1: Waa immisa qaro weyn oo loo yaqaan 'alxaburka lakabka loo baahan yahay si looga maarmaan u ah daloolka alxanka buufinta buuxa? Xaddada lakabka ee loo yaqaan 'solder' ayaa saameyn ku leh dhumucda?
Jawaabta 1: Waxaan kuu soo jeedinayaa in dhumucda ugu badan ee lakabka alxanka ay tahay 2 ~ 2.5mm, iyo codka isku-darka loo yaqaan 'oscillintion' ayaa loo dejiyey 5mm; Haddii macmiilku u isticmaalo qiime ballaaran oo ballaaran, dhibaatada "laabatada dhabta ah" waa laga yaabaa inuu la kulmo.
Su'aasha 2aad: Maxaad ugu adeegsan weyday osc weyn = 30mm qaybta tooska ah (lagula taliyo in la dejiyo 5mm)? Tani miyaanay ka sii fiicnayn? Ma waxaa jira muhiimad gaar ah oo ah 5mm wareejinta?
Jawaabta 2: Waxaan kugula talinayaa in qaybta toosan ay sidoo kale u isticmaasho wareegga 5mm si loo ilaaliyo heerkulka saxda ah ee caaryada;
Haddii la isticmaalo 30mm S wareeg, xawaare aad u gaabis ah waa in la dejiyaa, heerkulka shaqada ee shaqada ayaa aad u sarreeya, iyo burburka birta salka ku jirta waxay noqotaa mid aad u sarreysa, oo ah adkeynta sheyga buuxinta lumay waa ugu badnaan 10 HRC. Tixgelin kale oo muhiim ah ayaa ah walaaca ka dhalan kara shaqada-shaqada (heerkulka sare darteed), kaas oo kordhinaya suurtagalnimada dilka.
Iyada oo la wareegeysa 5mm ballac, xawaaraha khadka ayaa dhakhso loo heli karaa, kontaroolada ugu fiican waa la heli karaa, geesaha wanaagsan ayaa la sameeyaa, sifooyinka farsamada ee maaddada buuxinta ayaa la ilaaliyaa, khasaaraha ayaa ah kaliya 2 ~ 3 HRC.
Q3: Waa maxay shuruudaha isku-darka ee budada? Budada budada ah ee ku habboon goynta buufiska lagu buufiyo?
A3: Waxaan kugula talinayaa solder Powder Model 30sps, haddii dillaacku dhaco, isticmaal 23-kiis oo ku saabsan boodhadhka birta (u isticmaal nooca PP-ka ee caaryada naxaasta ah).
Q4: Waa maxay sababta doorashada birta dukaamada? Waa maxay dhibaatadu iyadoo la adeegsanayo birta cawlan ee cawlan?
Jawaabta 4: Yurub dhexdeeda, waxaan caadiyan isticmaalnaa birta nawaayadaha ah, sababtoo ah magacyada birta ee nodular. Si ka duwan lakabyada lakab-galka salka lagu sameeyay bir bir ah (dhab ahaan, waxay si sax ah ugu saxsan tahay ". Kala duwanaanshaha qunyar-doonka noocaas ah ayaa go'aamiya farqiga ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya birta Duulista iyo Birta Cooska ah Intaa waxaa sii dheer, qaabka laf-dhabarka ee jaantus, oo la siiyay isla lacag, ayaa ku mashquulsan aagga dusha ka yar, taasoo keenta waxyeelo yar oo ku saabsan sheyga, sidaas darteed helitaanka walxaha ka sareeya. Shukaansi dib loogu celiyo adeegsigiisa koowaad ee 1948, Birta Dhuut-ka ayaa noqotay mid ku wanaagsan oo loogu talagalay birta (iyo birta kale ee dhiiga), taasoo awood u siineysa qiimo jaban, waxqabadka sare.
Waxqabadka kala-goynta ee birta Drucile ee ay sabab u tahay astaamaha, oo ay weheliso goynta goynta iyo astaamaha isku-dhafka ah ee caabbinta birta, jiidida xiisaha badan / culeyska culeyska
haro la'aan
Qiimaha jaban
Qiimaha cutubka wuxuu leeyahay iska caabin wanaagsan
Isku darka guryaha wanaagsan iyo guryaha codadka
Su'aasha 5: Kee u fiican yahay cimri dhererka weyn iyo adkeyn hoose?
A5: Waddan oo dhan waa 35 ~ 21 HRC, waxaan kugula talinayaa inaad isticmaasho 30 budo PSP ah si aad u hesho qiime adag oo ku dhow 28 HRC.
Si adag uma xirna nolosha caaryada, farqiga ugu weyn ee nolosha adeegga waa habka loo yaqaan 'caar dusha' 'daboolan "iyo maaddada loo isticmaalo.
Weerta gacanta, gacanta dhabta ah (aaladda alxanka iyo birta saldhiga ah) isku darka caaryada la helay ma aha sida ugu badan ee PTA plasma, iyo xoqitaanku badanaa waxay ka muuqdaan geedi socodka wax soo saarka galaaska.
Su'aasha 6: Sidee loo sameeyaa alxamida buufinta oo buuxa ee daloolka gudaha? Sida loo garto oo loo xakameeyo tayada lakabka iibiyaha?
Jawaabta 6: Waxaan kugula talinayaa in la dejiyo xawaare budo ah oo hooseysa oo ku yaal agagaarka PTA, in ka badan 10-ka fiidnimo; Laga bilaabo xagal garabka, ku hay kala-goynta 5mm si aad u isbarbar dhigto
Qor dhamaadka:
Marka laga hadlayo isbedelka farsamada ee farsamada, sayniska iyo tikniyoolajiyadda ayaa wata horumarka shirkadaha ganacsiga iyo bulshada; Ku buufin alxamida isla goobta shaqada waxaa lagu gaari karaa hanaanno kala duwan. Warshadda caaryada, marka lagu daro tixgalinta shuruudaha macaamiisheeda, geedi socodka waa in sidoo kale la tixgaliyaa waxqabadka qiimaha maalgashiga qalabka, dabacsanaanta qalabka, iyo in qalabku ka hadli karo badeecado ballaaran. Micro Plasma buufin lagu buufiyo shaki la'aan shaki la'aan waxay bixisaa ikhtiyaar ka wanaagsan warshadaha caaryada.
Waqtiga Post: Jun-17-2022